suffix for familiar person
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
to believe; to believe in; to place trust in; to confide in; to have faith in
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof
eye; eyeball; eyesight; sight; look; stare; notice
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
to be seen; to be in sight; to look; to seem; to come
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
society; the world; the times
such; like that; that sort of; very
wonderful; marvelous; strange; strangely enough; oddly enough; for some reason
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
amount necessary to fill a container (e.g. cupful, spoonful, etc.); drink (usu. alcoholic); full; one squid, octopus, crab, etc.; one boat; fully; to capacity
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
safe; secure; certainly; surely; no thanks; I'm good
he; she; that person; that; that one; that thing
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to protect; to guard; to defend; to keep (i.e. a promise); to abide (by the rules); to observe
to raise; to elevate; to do up (one's hair); to fly (a kite, etc.); to launch (fireworks, etc.); to land (a boat); to deep-fry
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
look!; look out!; hey!; look at me!; there you are!
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
from now on; after this; in the future; from here; from this point
something; some; somehow; for some reason; (is there) something (you want, etc.)
diligently; seriously; perfectly; properly; sufficiently; satisfactorily
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to talk; to speak; to tell; to explain; to speak (a language)
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
well then ...; in that situation; in which case
again; once more; also; too; on the other hand; while; and
to call for somebody; to come for someone; to pick someone up
bye-bye; good-bye; see you; saying goodbye; parting
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
enclosing wall; boundary fence; obstacle; barrier
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then