indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
name; given name; title; fame; renown; pretext
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
loveable; very likeable; like very much
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
this world; this life; world of the living
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
the other world; the next world; the world beyond; world after death
man; male; fellow; guy; male lover; boyfriend
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
female; woman; female sex; female lover; girlfriend; mistress
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
enjoyable; fun; pleasant; happy; delightful
the West; the Occident; Western countries
devil; demon; Satan; the Devil; Māra; evil spirits or forces that hinder one's path to enlightenment
while; during; while; although; all; both
beginning; outset; first; onset
one person; being alone; being by oneself; being single; being unmarried; by oneself
eye; eyeball; eyesight; sight; look; stare; notice
wife; (arch.) my dear; (arch.) dear; garnish (esp. one served with sashimi); embellishment
called; named; as many as; as much as; all ...; every single ...
theory; doctrine; opinion; view; rumour; rumor
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
which way; which direction; which one (esp. of two alternatives); who
above; up; top; summit; surface; before; previous
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
under (guidance, supervision, rules, the law, etc.); under (a flag, the sun, etc.); beneath; with (e.g. one blow); on (the promise, condition, assumption, etc. that ...); (somebody's) side
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
serious; not joking; straight
big quarrel; huge fight; big row
end; tip; end (of the year, month, etc.); close; youngest child; descendants; offspring
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
flight; running away; absconding; elopement