more and more; all the more; at last; finally; (at the) last moment; worst possible time
to begin; to start; to happen (again); to begin (anew); to date (from); to originate (in)
new face; newcomer; rookie; modern humans (from Cro-Magnon man onwards)
war; battle; match; game; competition
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
in front (of); before (e.g. a building); before; earlier; (the) front; frontal part; forward
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to appear; to come in sight; to become visible; to be expressed (e.g. emotions); to become apparent (e.g. trends, effects)
little girl; maiden; young lady; (arch.) female between 17 and 20 years old (ritsuryo period)
Japanese cherry birch (Betula grossa); yellow catalpa (Catalpa ovata); Japanese mallotus (Mallotus japonicus); printing block; catalpa bow; catalpa medium
side (of something, or taking someone's side); part; (watch) case
water (esp. cool, fresh water, e.g. drinking water); fluid (esp. in an animal tissue); liquid; flood; floodwaters; water offered to wrestlers just prior to a bout
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to differ (from); to vary; to not be in the usual condition; to not match the correct (answer, etc.); to be different from promised; isn't it?
first; foremost; most important; best; greatest; above all
counter for occurrences; a time; an instance; inning (baseball); round; episode; chapter
subject; theme; homework; assignment; task; challenge
melon bread; half-melon shaped bun, flavored with artificial melon
strangely; oddly; miraculously; mysteriously
horse; horse racing; promoted bishop
decision of a contest; finals (in sports)
companion; partner; other party; addressee; opponent (sports, etc.)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
older sister; elder sister; young lady; miss; ma'am
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to call out (to); to call; to summon (a doctor, etc.); to invite; to designate; to name; to garner (support, etc.)
facing; opposite; across the street; other side
myself; yourself; I; me; you
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to offer (a suggestion, etc.); to propose (an idea, etc.); to approach with (a proposal, etc.)
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
reverse; opposite; converse (of a hypothesis, etc.); inverse (function)
to lose; to be defeated; to succumb; to give in; to be inferior to; to break out in a rash due to (e.g. lacquer, shaving, etc.)
condition; term; requirement; qualification; prerequisite
presentation; exhibit; suggest; citation