phew; whew; huff; whoo; wohoo
firefly (Luciola cruciata); lightning bug; glowworm
that; that thing; that person; then; that time; that place (over there); down there (i.e. one's genitals)
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
serious; not joking; straight
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
university; college; former central university of Kyoto (established under the ritsuryo system for the training of government administrators); the Great Learning (one of the Four Books)
temporary absence from school
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
female clothing; wearing female clothing; cross dressing (for a man)
good; advantage; sake; purpose; consequence; result
endorsing and questioning the preceding statement; lamenting reflections on the preceding statement
no; nay; well; er; you're welcome; not at all
hah (derisively); pooh; pfft (of something disappearing); poof; huff; puff
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
idiot; moron; trivial matter; folly; stupid; foolish
seems; I think; I guess; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!
you; presence (of a god, nobleman, etc.)
after all; because; but; even; too; as well
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
store; shop; establishment; restaurant
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to make; to produce; to prepare (food); to brew (alcohol); to raise; to grow; to till
to replace; to exchange; to interchange; to substitute
and the like; such as; or something; something like; I hear that ...; people say that...
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
forever; for good; eternally; as long as one likes; indefinitely; no matter what
to move; to stir; to operate; to run; to make a move; to take action; to be touched
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
even so; all the same; nevertheless; yes, but ...
way (of doing); manner; method; means
to close (one's eyes); to shut
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
showy; loud; gay; flashy; gaudy
smirkingly; broadly (grinning)
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
for a moment; for a minute; for a while; for some time; for the time being; for now
suspension of business; temporary closure (of a store, school, etc.); shutdown; holiday