this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
the end; the extremity; the limit; the limits; the result
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
incredible; unbelievable; terrific; impressive
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
to be aware of; to know; to notice; to feel; to understand; to comprehend; to remember
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
fellow; guy; thing; object; he; she
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
trembling; getting nervous; excited; thrilled
to hear; to listen (e.g. to music); to ask; to enquire; to hear about; to hear of; to follow (advice, order, etc.)
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
nonexistent; not being (there); not having; not
adventure; venture; venture which is unlikely to succeed; risky attempt; danger
to wait; to await; to look forward to; to depend on; to need
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
god; deity; incredible; fantastic; (arch.) Emperor (of Japan); (arch.) thunder
plot of land; lot; soil; locality; region; place
called; named; as many as; as much as; all ...; every single ...
name; given name; title; fame; renown; pretext
earth; ground; place; territory; bottom (of a package, book, etc.); earth (one of the five elements)
domination; rule; direction; management; control (e.g. over one's emotions); determining (e.g. one's fate)
finally; at last; in the end; after all; never (happened)
gold (Au); golden; prosperous; money (esp. ōban coin); cash
town; city; municipal; urban
discovery; detection; finding
(approximate) time; around; suitable time (or condition); time of year; season
also; too; not ... either; (it's not possible) no matter what; although one might wish otherwise
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
upper stratum (classes, stories, storeys); upper layer; layer above
historic ruins (remains, relics); archeological site
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then