island; one's territory (e.g. of a sex worker, organized crime gang); one's turf
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
outside; exterior; the open (air); other place; somewhere else
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
to fly; to soar; to jump; to leap; to spatter; to scatter; to hurry
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
precisely; exactly; plumb; damn; stupid; cursed
boo! (sound used to scare someone); ugh (dissatisfaction, aggravation); ulp (consternation)
eh?; what?; yes; that's correct; (arch.) strengthens a question, assertion, etc.; (arch.) hey
to go through; to suffer; to experience (something unpleasant)
nicely; properly; frequently; often; I'm glad that you ...; thank you for ...
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
to return (something); to restore; to turn over; to turn upside down; to pay back; to retaliate; to respond (with)
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
in that way; thus; so; so?
I see; that's right; indeed
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
filthy; dirty (looking); drab
storehouse; warehouse; godown
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
once; before; formerly; never yet; never before; first time
company; corporation; workplace
head office; main office; main shrine; this company; this shrine
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
to work hard at; to devote oneself to; to be diligent in
memories; recollections; reminiscence
place; location; room; space; basho; wrestling tournament
this is why; this means; it is the case that
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
secret base; hideout; hidden position
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to call out (to); to call; to summon (a doctor, etc.); to invite; to designate; to name; to garner (support, etc.)