indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to save; to rescue; to help; to assist; to support (financially); to contribute (to)
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
to disappear; to vanish; to go; to leave; to die
to cry; to weep; to sob; to howl
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
man; male; fellow; guy; male lover; boyfriend
seems; I think; I guess; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!
after all; because; but; even; too; as well
arm; skill; efforts; ability
cheap; inexpensive; calm; peaceful; quiet
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
one long cylindrical thing; one film, TV show, etc.; one version; one book; a certain book; ippon; one point
approximately; about; to (about) the extent that; (almost) enough that; as ... as ...; like
safety; security; safely; without incident; good health; inaction
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
aah!; ooh!; oh no!; oh boy!
you; presence (of a god, nobleman, etc.)
something like ...; things like ...; someone like ...; the likes of ...
pirate; sea robber; buccaneer; freebooter
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
sometime; someday; one day; some time or other; the other day; in due course
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
unique flavor (flavour); (degree of) flavouring; distinctive quality; special charm
also; too; not ... either; (it's not possible) no matter what; although one might wish otherwise
to lose; to be defeated; to succumb; to give in; to be inferior to; to break out in a rash due to (e.g. lacquer, shaving, etc.)
companion; fellow; group; company; member of the same category (family, class)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to collect; to assemble; to gather
to discover; to find (e.g. an error in a book); to locate; to find (e.g. something missing); to be used to seeing; to be familiar with
definitely; absolutely; absolute; unconditional; absoluteness
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
oh; ho; exclamation of surprise, admiration, etc.; hoo (owl call); toot (sound of a flute)
to cross over; to cross; to pass through; to exceed; to surpass; to be more (than)
to leave (in someone's keeping); to put (in someone's care); to put (someone) in charge of; to leave (a matter) in someone's hands; to lean on; to put one's weight on