yearning; longing; aspiration; adoration; admiration
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
city; Tokyo Metropolitan Assembly
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to come along; to come around; to turn up; to arrive at the present; to get where one is; to have been doing something (for a period of time)
club activities; extracurricular activities
large; big; great; prominent; -sized; as big as; university
to hurry; to rush; to hasten; to make something happen sooner
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
together (with); at the same time; in a lump
today; this day; these days; recently; nowadays
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to the limit; to the full; as much as possible; with all one's might
to chase; to run after; to follow (a set order, a trend, etc.); to drive out; to get rid of; to drive (e.g. a herd)
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
club activities; extracurricular activities
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
I'm sorry; my apologies; may I come in?; permission; leave; dismissal
to return; to come home; to leave; to get home; to get to home plate
soon; shortly; before long; nearly; almost
examination; quiz; test; tryout; rehearsal (in filming)
so; therefore; accordingly; like I said; I told you already
study; diligence; discount; reduction
middle of summer; height of summer; midsummer
safe; secure; certainly; surely; no thanks; I'm good
that's the way it is; yes; is that so?; is it?
is not; am not; are not; isn't it?
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
to return; to come back; to turn over; to become extremely; to become completely
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
dot; spot; mark (in an exam, etc.); grade; point (in a game); score; point (in geometry)
perfect score; full marks; extremely; very; quite
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
a little; a bit; just a minute; for a moment; somewhat; rather; (not) easily
poor (at); weak (in); not very good (at); not one's cup of tea; not one's favorite
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
failing mark; failing grade