to finish; to stop; to close (a business, etc.); to close down; to put away; to put back
here I am; I'm home!; presently; right away; right now
father; dad; husband; you; he
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
older brother; elder brother; brother (as older-brother figure in friendly and or work relationship); young man; buddy
how; in what way; why; for what reason; cannot possibly; no way
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
(United States of) America; United States; US; America (land mass); the Americas
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
yes; that is correct; um; errr; huh?; grrr
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
reaching a stopping place; settling down (before the next stage); getting to a point where one can rest; one paragraph
that being the case; because of ...; the reason is ...; given that ...
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
essential; important; crucial; vital; main
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
living by oneself; living alone
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
beginning; start; first (in line, etc.); origin; such as ...; not to mention ...
father (esp. used in samurai families prior to the Meiji period)
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
everyone; everybody; all; everything; all
to be aware of; to know; to notice; to feel; to understand; to comprehend; to remember
secondary residence; vacation home; villa
indicates uncertainty or second hand nature of information quoted
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
to descend (e.g. a mountain); to go down; to alight (e.g. from bus); to get off; to step down; to retire; to be granted
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
house; residence; family; household; lineage; family name
completely empty (of a residence, etc.); vacant; body from which the soul has left; corpse; shed skin (of a snake, insect, etc.)
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
contacting; (making) contact; connection (with a train, bus, etc.); joining (a railway line, etc.); connection (between matters, incidents, etc.); relation
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
answering machine; answerphone
such things as ...; and ... and; the minute (that) ...; no sooner than ...; be; is; o