direction; way; side (of an argument, etc.); one's part; type; category; field (of study, etc.)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
to do what one is told to; to take someone's advice; to listen to what someone says
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
to get on (train, plane, bus, ship, etc.); to get in; to get on (e.g. a footstool); to step on; to reach; to go over; to follow
old maid (card game); living without one's mother-in-law
to hear; to listen (e.g. to music); to ask; to enquire; to hear about; to hear of; to follow (advice, order, etc.)
to receive; to take; to get somebody to do something; to have in one's pocket (a fight, match); to contract (a disease); to catch
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
what the?; what's going on?; what's this?
to put on (one's head); to wear; to be covered with (dust, snow, etc.); to pour (water, etc.) on oneself; to bear (e.g. someone's debts, faults, etc.); to take (blame); to overlap (e.g. sound or color)
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
yes; that is correct; understood; I see; present; here; pardon?
please; kindly; by all means; certainly; here you are; to give
truth; reality; proper; right; genuine; authentic
remainder; remnant; (not) very; (not) much; too much; excessively
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
go that far; to that extent
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
myself; yourself; I; me; you
figure; form; appearance; dress; state; condition
to notice; to become aware; to be scrupulous; to be attentive; to recover consciousness; to come to oneself
indicates word or phrase being defined; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); with; (not) as much as; (not) so much as; the fact that
head; hair (on one's head); mind; brains; leader; chief; top
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
here I am; I'm home!; presently; right away; right now
somehow; how; in what way; why; what kind of
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
endorsing and questioning the preceding statement; lamenting reflections on the preceding statement
no; nay; well; er; you're welcome; not at all
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
now; the present time; just now; another; more
again; once more; also; too; on the other hand; while; and
inside; within; while (e.g. one is young); during; among; amongst; in (secret, chaos, poverty, etc.)
after all; because; but; even; too; as well
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage