yes; that is correct; um; errr; huh?; grrr
summer vacation; summer holiday
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
to leave (behind); to leave (undone); to not finish; to save; to set aside; to leave (to someone, esp. after one's death)
place; spot; address; district; area; one's house; point
already; now; by this time; quick; early; fast
slowly; quietly; steadily; soon; momentarily; before long
to be absent; to take a day off; to rest; to have a break; to go to bed; to (lie down to) sleep
preparation; arrangements; getting ready; provision; setup; reserving
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
to put; to place; to leave (behind); to establish (an organization, a facility, a position, etc.); to set up; to appoint (someone to a certain position); to hire
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to be in time (for); to serve (suit, meet) the purpose; to be good enough; to be enough
still; as yet; (not) yet; more; (more) still; at least
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
sudden; abrupt; urgent; pressing; steep; sharp; rapid
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
body; physical system; (the) person
to be surprised; to be amazed; to be frightened; surprise (e.g. surprise party)
to finish; to stop; to close (a business, etc.); to close down; to put away; to put back
is not; am not; are not; isn't it?
exercise; physical training; appeal; campaign; motion; movement
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
behind; rear; after; later; remainder; the rest; more (e.g. five more minutes)
to leave; to exit; to leave (on a journey); to depart; to move forward; to come to; to get to
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
light (i.e. not heavy); feeling light (i.e. offering little resistance, moving easily); light (i.e. of foot); effortless; non-serious; minor; slight
to run; to run (of a vehicle); to drive; to rush (to); to dash; to retreat; to flee
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality
anyhow; at any rate; anyway; somehow or other; generally speaking; in any case
everything; anything; nothing
swiftly; rapidly; suddenly; abruptly; sharply (of a slope, bend, etc.); steeply
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial