senior (at work or school); superior; elder; older graduate; progenitor; old-timer
why?; what for?; how?; by what means?
this sort of; this kind of; like this; such
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
a-ha-ha (laughing loudly)
I'm sorry; my apologies; may I come in?; permission; leave; dismissal
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
possibly; apparently; (seem) likely; somehow or other; with difficulty; barely
above; up; top; summit; surface; before; previous
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
case worker; case officer
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
hindrance; obstacle; to visit (someone's home); demon who hinders Buddhist training; demon who obstructs sentient beings from maintaining moral behaviour
-like; sort of; similar to; resembling
that's the way it is; yes; is that so?; is it?
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
such; that sort of; that kind of; no way!; never!
how; in what way; how about
come; come now; well; who knows; well now; let's see
perhaps; probably; generous; many; much
trial; judgement; judgment
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
penalty; sentence; punishment
is not; am not; are not; isn't it?
I wonder; do you think?; I might; some kind; some stage; somehow
there (place relatively near listener); there (place just mentioned); that place; then (of some incident just spoken of); that (of point just raised); (arch.) you
extra; more; unnecessary; needless; all the more; even more
testimony; (verbal) evidence
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
good; advantage; sake; purpose; consequence; result
yes; yeah; huh?; what?; not; 's
it seems; I think; I guess; right?; don't you agree?
face; visage; look; expression; honor; honour
now; soon; already; yet; further; more
this world; this life; world of the living