at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to chase; to run after; to follow (a set order, a trend, etc.); to drive out; to get rid of; to drive (e.g. a herd)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to take refuge in; to succeed in running away
underground; below the ground; world of the dead; the grave; underground (activities, movement, etc.); secret
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
personal combat; one-to-one fight
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
to have been decided (so) that; to have been arranged (so) that; to be the result (of); to be the outcome; to be the reason (for)
honorific/polite/humble prefix
boo! (sound used to scare someone); ugh (dissatisfaction, aggravation); ulp (consternation)
rain; rainy day; rainy weather; the November suit (in hanafuda)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
day; days; sun; sunshine; (the) day; daytime; date
putting into operation; invocation
I; me; self-centered man; egotistical man; pompous man
stack of rice straw; rick; cock
to call out (to); to call; to summon (a doctor, etc.); to invite; to designate; to name; to garner (support, etc.)
how; in what way; how about
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
to be smart; to be cool; to be sharp; to be stylish
seems; I think; I guess; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!
shabby; dull; cheap; lackluster; uninspiring; depressing
et cetera; etc.; and the like; the likes of; something like
swallowing in one gulp; downing; sipping; sip; thinking nothing of one's opponent; making easy prey of someone
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
oh; ho; exclamation of surprise, admiration, etc.; hoo (owl call); toot (sound of a flute)
water (esp. cool, fresh water, e.g. drinking water); fluid (esp. in an animal tissue); liquid; flood; floodwaters; water offered to wrestlers just prior to a bout
skillful; skilful; delicious; appetizing; fortunate; splendid
movement; move; motion; trend; development; change
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to have (e.g. lunch); to take (e.g. vitamins)
sharpness; cutting ability; quickness (of wit); incisiveness; peppiness (of a ball)
motionlessly (e.g. stand, wait); (be) still; fixedly (e.g. gaze, stare); intently (e.g. listen, think); patiently (endure); stoically
direction; way; side (of an argument, etc.); one's part; type; category; field (of study, etc.)
comfort; ease; easy; simple; (economically) comfortable; raku pottery
to die; to pass away; to lose spirit; to lose vigor; to cease; to stop
nonexistent; not being (there); not having; not
he; she; that person; that; that one; that thing