that; that thing; that person; then; that time; that place (over there); down there (i.e. one's genitals)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
king; ruler; tycoon; magnate; king (of the senior player)
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
good; advantage; sake; purpose; consequence; result
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to use (a thing, method, etc.); to make use of; to use (a person, animal, puppet, etc.); to employ; to use (time, money, etc.); to spend
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
technique; art; skill; move
tower; steeple; spire; stupa; pagoda; dagoba
storey; story; stairs; stage (in chronostratigraphy); counter for storeys and floors of a building
whole; entirety; whatever (is the matter)
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
to cover; to hide; to conceal; to wrap; to disguise
not less than; ... and over; beyond (e.g. one's expectations); above; above-mentioned; aforementioned
there; over there; genitals; private parts; that far; that much
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
where; what place; how much (long, far); what extent
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
place; location; room; space; basho; wrestling tournament
battle; fight; war; struggle; conflict
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to begin; to start; to happen (again); to begin (anew); to date (from); to originate (in)
suffix for familiar person
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
to carry; to transport; to come; to go; to wield (a tool, etc.); to use
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
direction; way; side (of an argument, etc.); one's part; type; category; field (of study, etc.)
human being; human; person; character (of a person)
sacrifice; victim; sacrifice (to a deity)
minimum; lowest; minimal; least
to keep within limits (e.g. spending); to restrain (e.g. emotions); to control; to hold back (e.g. an enemy); to check; to curb
while; during; while; although; all; both
purpose; goal; aim; objective; intention
accomplishment; execution
to consult with; to discuss; to confer; to deliberate
enough; sufficient; sufficiently; fully; division into ten
understanding; comprehension; appreciation; sympathy
disorder; chaos; confusion; mayhem
to take advantage of; to follow blindly; to multiply