indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
mandrill (Mandrillus sphinx)
Awa Odori Festival (Tokushima)
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
yes; indeed; ha!; what?; huh?; sigh
and; thereupon; because of that
why?; what for?; how?; by what means?
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
that's the way it is; yes; is that so?; is it?
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
guest; visitor; customer; client; shopper
to take; to pick up; to pass; to hand; to get; to obtain; to adopt (a method, proposal, etc.)
South Pole; the Antarctic; Antarctica
very popular; highly favoured
it is assuredly that ...; can say with confidence that ...
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
something or other; anything
to be sufficient; to be enough; to be worth doing; to be worthy of; to do (the job); to serve
to feel (as if); to have a feeling (that); to have a hunch (that); to feel like doing; to want to do
that is so; that is right; it looks to me; people say that; it is said that; I hear that
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
look!; look out!; hey!; look at me!; there you are!
(some) more; even more; longer; further
major; large; the Major Leagues; Major League Baseball; major (key, scale, etc.); (oil) major
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
direction; way; side (of an argument, etc.); one's part; type; category; field (of study, etc.)
to swell; to rise; to bulge; to rouse; to get excited
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
and the like; such as; or something; something like; I hear that ...; people say that...
how; in what way; why; for what reason; cannot possibly; no way
obedient; meek; docile; honest; frank; upfront (about one's feelings)
I wonder; should I?; is it?; I wish that; I hope that
to leave; to exit; to leave (on a journey); to depart; to move forward; to come to; to get to
(not) particularly; (not) especially; (not) specially; separately; apart; additionally
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible