severe; strict; hard (to do); difficult; intense (e.g. cold); harsh (weather)
granny; grandma; gran; old lady; old woman
proprietress (of a traditional Japanese inn or restaurant); landlady; hostess; mistress
liked; well-liked; in love (with); loved; faddism; eccentricity
to be (in contrast to something that is not the case)
a little; a bit; just a minute; for a moment; somewhat; rather; (not) easily
coming; going; being (somewhere); come; go; stay
waitress (in a ryokan or traditional restaurant); hostess
senior (at work or school); superior; elder; older graduate; progenitor; old-timer
to teach; to instruct; to tell; to inform; to preach
tomoe; heraldic design composed of two or more interlocked comma-shaped figures
from the beginning; from scratch
to be taught; to learn; to take lessons in
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
something like ...; things like ...; someone like ...; the likes of ...
shape; form; appearance; state; situation; suitable
echo; reverberation; sound (esp. the distinctive sound of an object or activity, e.g. rain, gun, gallop, drum); noise; quality of a sound (e.g. a fine phrase, clear voice, resonant bell); feeling of a sound
to drink; to gulp; to smoke (tobacco); to engulf; to overwhelm; to keep down; to suppress
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
to leave; to exit; to leave (on a journey); to depart; to move forward; to come to; to get to
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
with the exception of; excepting; excluding
tightly (holding on); firmly; strongly (built); solidly; properly; well
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
first of all; at once; right away; for now; for the time being
from now on; after this; in the future; from here; from this point
below; down; bottom; beneath; underneath; just after; right after
to arrive at; to reach; to sit on; to sit at (e.g. the table)
that's good; that's nice; like (on social media); is that clear?; OK?
yes; indeed; ha!; what?; huh?; sigh
in that way; thus; so; so?
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
method; manner; appearance; air; tendency; folk song (genre of the Shi Jing)
to wear (in modern Japanese, from the shoulders down); to put on; to bear (guilt, etc.)
lovely; wonderful; nice; great; fantastic; superb
eh?; what?; yes; that's correct; (arch.) strengthens a question, assertion, etc.; (arch.) hey
to be fascinated (by); to be captivated by; to be enchanted by; to gaze admiringly at; to watch in fascination
movement; move; motion; trend; development; change
futility; waste; uselessness; pointlessness; idleness
have to (verb); must (verb); is indispensable; absolutely necessary
gesture; movement; action; acting; performance