summer vacation; summer holiday
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
room; chamber; apartment; flat; stable
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
collapsing in the street (from exhaustion, illness, etc.); falling dead in the street; person lying dead in the street
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
sister (sibling); (Catholic) sister; sister (female partner in a homosexual relationship)
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
myself; yourself; I; me; you
name; given name; first name
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
such ... as; or some such
black magic; sorcery; magic tricks; juggling
indicates uncertainty or second hand nature of information quoted
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to chase; to run after; to follow (a set order, a trend, etc.); to drive out; to get rid of; to drive (e.g. a herd)
seeming ...; appearing ...; -ish; like a ...; typical of ...
but; however; (and) yet; nevertheless; still; for all that
pardon; forgiveness; forbearance
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
town; block; street; road; 109.09 m; 0.99 hectares
university town; college town
what!; oh; what the heck; what the; damn
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
tightly (holding on); firmly; strongly (built); solidly; properly; well
somehow; how; in what way; why; what kind of
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
(what) the heck; (why) in the world; one object; one body; one form; one style
who on earth; just exactly who; who the heck
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
again; once more; also; too; on the other hand; while; and