to master (a skill); proprietor; manager; leader; chief; master (of arts, science, etc.); master (recording)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
now; soon; already; yet; further; more
amount necessary to fill a container (e.g. cupful, spoonful, etc.); drink (usu. alcoholic); full; one squid, octopus, crab, etc.; one boat; fully; to capacity
as a matter of fact; by the way; to tell you the truth; to be honest; frankly
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
request; favor; favour; reliance; dependence; trust
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
yes; that is correct; understood; I see; present; here; pardon?
truth; reality; proper; right; genuine; authentic
if; in case; as for; on the topic of; if that's the case; if so
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
question (e.g. on a test); problem; problem (e.g. societal, political); question; question (i.e. doubt); public discussion
so; therefore; accordingly; consequently; on those grounds; that is why
request; favour (to ask); wish; please
to be (in contrast to something that is not the case)
so; therefore; accordingly; like I said; I told you already
first (of all); firstly; probably; most likely; more or less (satisfactory); on the whole
talk; speech; topic; subject; discussions; negotiation; rumor
to hear; to listen (e.g. to music); to ask; to enquire; to hear about; to hear of; to follow (advice, order, etc.)
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
just (e.g. "just wait here"); come now; tolerably; passably; well...; I think...
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
innocent; chaste; naive; pure; unmixed; genuine
called; named; as many as; as much as; all ...; every single ...
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
to recall; to remember; to recollect
wanted; wished for; in need of; I want (you) to
nicely; properly; frequently; often; I'm glad that you ...; thank you for ...
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
but; however; (and) yet; nevertheless; still; for all that