honorific/polite/humble prefix
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
liver; innards; courage; spirit; crux; essential point
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
what; how many; many; a lot of; several; a few
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
regarding; in; to; towards; with regards to
attitude; manner; behaviour; attitude (towards an issue, etc.); position; stance
great; excellent; very troublesome; awful; tiring; tough
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
you; presence (of a god, nobleman, etc.)
until now; so far; up to the present
thoroughly; completely; severely; harshly; (arch.) scattered; (arch.) disconnected
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
return gift; return favour (favor); revenge; change (in a cash transaction)
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
suffix for familiar person
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
child; kid; (one's) child; offspring; young (animal); young woman; offshoot
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
next (to); adjoining; adjacent; house next door; neighbouring house; next-door neighbour
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to live (of humans); to reside; to inhabit; to dwell; to abide
ear; hearing; edge; crust; selvedge (non-fray machined edge of fabrics); selvage
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
interesting; fascinating; amusing; funny; enjoyable; fun
a-ha-ha (laughing loudly)
to open (e.g. doors); to open (e.g. business, etc.); to be empty; to be vacant; to be available; to be open (e.g. neckline, etc.); to have been opened (of one's eyes, mouth, etc.)
lateness; tardiness; arriving late
at leisure; in a relaxed manner; in a carefree manner; quietly; peacefully
preparation; arrangements; provision; getting ready; laying out (e.g. a meal)
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
again; once more; also; too; on the other hand; while; and
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?