sumi; India ink; squid ink; octopus ink; carpenter's inking string
university; college; former central university of Kyoto (established under the ritsuryo system for the training of government administrators); the Great Learning (one of the Four Books)
life; living; I; me; student
occupation; profession; job; vocation; trade; calling
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
morning; breakfast; (arch.) next morning
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to get up; to rise; to wake up; to be awake; to occur (usu. of unfavourable incidents); to happen
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
alarm clock; waking up; keeping oneself awake; type of candy given to a child after it wakes up from a nap
minute (unit of time); fun (one tenth of a monme, 5.787 grains)
in front (of); before (e.g. a building); before; earlier; (the) front; frontal part; forward
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
to wake up; to awake; to perk up; to awaken (to the truth, etc.); to come to a realization; to come to one's senses
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
first thing in the morning
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
book; document; calligraphy (esp. Chinese); penmanship; handwriting; letter
to have a taste for; to be fond of; to enjoy (in moderation); to be modest; to be prudent; to watch (e.g. one's behaviour)
to throw away; to cast away; to abandon; to desert; to give up; to resign
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
always; all the time; never; usual; regular
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
grandfather; male senior-citizen
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
one-sided; unilateral; arbitrary
greeting; greetings; speech (congratulatory or appreciative); address; reply; response; revenge
to receive; to get; to catch (e.g. a ball); to be struck by (wind, waves, sunlight, etc.); to sustain (damage); to incur (a loss); to undergo (e.g. surgery)
to face; to go towards; to head towards
history of Japan; Japanese history
international; diplomatic intercourse
to shun; to avoid; to ostracize; to neglect; to distance oneself from; to give the hard shoulder