indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
term-end exam; end-of-term test; finals
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
proximity; nearness; soon; nearby
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to be temperate in; to refrain; to make notes; to jot down (e.g. phone number); to be in preparation for; to be in waiting for
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
inside; interior; among; within; middle; center; during
pleasant; delightful; enjoyable; joyful; cheerful; amusing
(in the) neighbourhood; neighborhood; around; about; for instance; say
to loiter; to putter; to prowl; to wander about; to roam about; to knock around
for the present; for the time being; for a while (from now); for some time (to come)
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
today; this day; these days; recently; nowadays
what; how many; many; a lot of; several; a few
day; days; sun; sunshine; (the) day; daytime; date
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
to be aware of; to know; to notice; to feel; to understand; to comprehend; to remember
you; presence (of a god, nobleman, etc.)
to differ (from); to vary; to not be in the usual condition; to not match the correct (answer, etc.); to be different from promised; isn't it?
indicates emotion or admiration; indicates emphasis; I; me; wah!; boo!
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
Nagato (former province located in the west of present-day Yamaguchi Prefecture)
long (distance, length); long (time); protracted; prolonged
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
such; that sort of; that kind of; no way!; never!
by the way; in this connection; incidentally; in passing
inconsequential; indifferent; not worth worrying about; whatever; whichever; I don't care
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
fellow; guy; thing; object; he; she
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
what kind of; what sort of; what; no matter what (kind of); whatever; any
important; significant; precious; valuable; careful
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
then; in that case; considering; if that is the case; if so
ordinary; common; free of charge; unaffected; as is; only
hot; warm; passionate; impassioned; on everybody's mind; on the radar
weekday; ordinary days (i.e. non-holiday); kanji radical 73
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then