this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
match; game; bout; contest
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
team competition; team game
prior; beforehand; in advance; before the fact; ex ante
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
registration; accession; register; entry; record
cooking; food preparation
in; on; at (place); as for; regarding
cooperation; coordination; link
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
condition; term; requirement; qualification; prerequisite
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
than; from; out of; except; but; more
notification; official notice; directive (e.g. from higher to lower levels of the administration); being well versed (in); being proficient (in)
as (i.e. in the role of); for (i.e. from the viewpoint of); apart from... (used to change the topic); even (e.g. "not even a single person"); thinking that...; trying to...
elite; best; pick; cream of the crop
crowd of people; great number of people; in great numbers
to collect; to gather; to arrange; to put in order; to make uniform; to make even
indicates emotion or admiration; indicates emphasis; I; me; wah!; boo!
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
that way; that direction; there; that (one); you; your family
how; in what way; how about
that's the way it is; yes; is that so?; is it?
this way; this direction; here; this (one); I; me
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
ordinary; common; free of charge; unaffected; as is; only
one person; being alone; being by oneself; being single; being unmarried; by oneself
younger brother; little brother; brother-in-law (spouse's younger brother or younger sister's husband); (arch.) pupil; (arch.) apprentice
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof
siblings; brothers and sisters; brothers; siblings-in-law; brothers-in-law; mate
tag; label; game of tag; tag-team match; working together as a team
to gain fame; to make one's name
to be (animate); to be; to be ..ing; to (have the audacity to) do
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
yes; that is correct; um; errr; huh?; grrr
food; foodstuff; eating; appetite; meal; portion
ji (ancient Chinese halberd)
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then