alone; by oneself; on one's own
repechage; revival series
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
companion; partner; other party; addressee; opponent (sports, etc.)
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
eager; earnest; ardent; OFF (on switch)
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
sentence-ending particle expressing doubt
Mr.; Mrs.; makes a word more polite (usu. in fixed expressions); state; situation
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
safe; secure; certainly; surely; no thanks; I'm good
coolness; calmness; composure; all right; fine; OK
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
to continue (for a long time); to occur in succession; to come next (e.g. on TV)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
origin; source; base; basis; cause; ingredient; material
war; battle; match; game; competition
once; one time; one round; one game; one bout; one heat
assembly hall; meeting place; venue; grounds
to face; to go towards; to head towards
please (give me); please (do for me)
surface; face (i.e. the visible side of an object); front (of a building, etc.); obverse side (i.e. "head") of a coin; outside; exterior; appearance
first-person plural (or singular); second or third person plural (implies speaker is of higher status than those referred to)
considerably; greatly; a lot
dropping out; falling behind; omission; being left out; falling off; coming off
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
participation; joining; entry; adherence
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to pile up; to heap up; to stir up; to enliven; to bring to a climax
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
always; without exception; necessarily; certainly; without fail; positively
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to arrive at (after a struggle); to finally reach; to find one's way to; to finally hit on (e.g. an idea)
pair; the two; both persons; both things
elegance; grace; article; item; counter for items (of food, etc.); counter for dishes or courses (at a restaurant)
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to appear all together; to be all present
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
than; from; out of; except; but; more