and; besides; because; since; the thing is; for one thing
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
good; advantage; sake; purpose; consequence; result
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
like; similar to; (I) think (that); (I) have a feeling (that); feels like; feels similar to
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality
is not; am not; are not; isn't it?
honorific/polite/humble prefix
elegant; refined; polished; high-quality goods; first-class article
elegant; graceful; refined; leisurely; comfortable; easy
to glitter; to glisten; to sparkle; to twinkle; to glare; to gleam
large; big; great; prominent; -sized; as big as; university
place; spot; address; district; area; one's house; point
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
sweet (e.g. young girls, flowers blooming); touchingly lovely; cute; pitiful; pitiable
something; some kind of; for some reason
wicked person; evil person; scoundrel; bad thing; mischief
shadow; silhouette; reflection; image; ominous sign; light (stars, moon)
(another's) daughter; young lady (of pampered upbringing); woman who has never known hardship; naive woman
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
to change; to be transformed; to move to; to be different; to be uncommon
punishment; spanking; smacking; chastisement; scolding
indicates emotion or admiration; indicates emphasis; I; me; wah!; boo!
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
lateness; tardiness; arriving late
same; identical; equal; anyway; anyhow; in either case
it is assuredly that ...; can say with confidence that ...; did not ...
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
yes; indeed; ha!; what?; huh?; sigh
a-ha-ha (laughing loudly)
suffix for familiar person
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
pish; pooh; I see; oh; indeed
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
sleeping in late; oversleeping; late riser; sleepyhead
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
rabbit; hare; coney; cony; lagomorph (esp. leporids)