department (in an organization); division; club; part; component; category
suffix for familiar person
lovely; wonderful; nice; great; fantastic; superb
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to hurt; to ache; to feel a pain; to be injured; to be spoiled (e.g. food); to be damaged
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
no good; not serving its purpose; hopeless; wasted; cannot; must not
fresh; refreshing; invigorating; clear (e.g. voice); fluent; eloquent
to work hard; to sweat; to wash off one's sweat
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
mind; heart; spirit; the meaning of a phrase (riddle, etc.)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to aim at (with a weapon, etc.); to be after (something or someone); to have an eye on; to aim for; to set up as a goal
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
instead of; replacing; on behalf of
punishment; spanking; smacking; chastisement; scolding
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
matching clothing worn by couples
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
-ness; indicates assertion; come; come now
custom; practice; said; aforementioned; instance; example
Shibuya, a special ward in Tokyo
store; shop; establishment; restaurant
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
to enter; to go into; to break into; to join; to enroll; to contain; to hold
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
a little; a bit; just a minute; for a moment; somewhat; rather; (not) easily
uncool; unsophisticated; unfashionable; out of fashion; tacky
to one's heart's content; as much as one wants; as hard as one can; resolution; decisiveness; determination
indicates emotion or admiration; indicates emphasis; I; me; wah!; boo!
isn't it?; don't you think?; right?; surely; come on
first arrival; first in race; suit of clothes
approximately; about; to (about) the extent that; (almost) enough that; as ... as ...; like
two persons; two people; pair; couple
junior high school; middle school; lower secondary school
period; epoch; the times; those days; oldness; ancientness
commemoration; celebration; honoring the memory of something; turning something into a memento; memory
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed