today; this day; these days; recently; nowadays
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
certainty; reality; regular; permanent; samadhi (state of intense concentration achieved through meditation)
no; nay; well; er; you're welcome; not at all
rather; sooner; preferably
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to slip out; to sneak away; to break into the lead; to get ahead; to begin to fall out (e.g. hair); to break out (of a loop)
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
bad; poor; poor (quality); inferior; evil; sinful; ugly
to quiet; to calm down; to compose oneself; to settle down
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
from now; from the present moment; from this time forward; henceforth
you; presence (of a god, nobleman, etc.)
release; unleashing; liberation; deallocation (of computer memory)
but; however; (and) yet; nevertheless; still; for all that
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
called; named; as many as; as much as; all ...; every single ...
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
eye; eyeball; eyesight; sight; look; stare; notice
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to open (a door, etc.); to unwrap (e.g. parcel, package); to open (for business, etc.); to empty; to remove; to move out; to clear out
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
definitely; absolutely; absolute; unconditional; absoluteness
adds force or indicates command
good; excellent; fine; nice; pleasant; agreeable
clothes (esp. Western clothes); counter for doses of medicine, gulps of tea, drags of a cigarette, etc.
complaint; grumbling; objection; phrase; words; expression
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
let me see; well; errr ...; uhh ...
together (with); at the same time; in a lump
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
handmade; homegrown; hand-crafted; homemade
bento; Japanese box lunch
to behave; to conduct oneself; to entertain; to treat someone (to a drink); to make tea for someone (tea ceremony)
such ... as; or some such
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
seems; I think; I guess; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
as one would expect; naturally; indeed; still; all the same; after all