indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
event; affair; incident; case; plot; trouble
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
now; soon; already; yet; further; more
third day of the month; three days
that; that thing; that person; then; that time; that place (over there); down there (i.e. one's genitals)
everyone; everybody; all; everything; all
face; visage; look; expression; honor; honour
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
contacting; (making) contact; connection (with a train, bus, etc.); joining (a railway line, etc.); connection (between matters, incidents, etc.); relation
all; everything; entirety; absolutely (not); (not) at all; (none) whatsoever
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
after all; in the end; conclusion; end; end of a game of go, shogi, etc.
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
still; even now; to this day
to be found; to be discovered
as it is; as one likes; because; condition; state
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
everyday; daily; ordinary; usual; routine; regular
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to go out to meet; to receive; to welcome; to accept (e.g. as a member of a group or family); to call for; to summon
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
large bird; peng (in Chinese mythology, giant bird said to transform from a fish); fenghuang (Chinese phoenix)
absence due to illness; sick leave
(common) cold; influenza; flu; ague; inflammatory respiratory system illness (in general)
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to be popular; to come into fashion; to be prevalent; to spread widely (e.g. disease); to flourish; to thrive
like; similar to; (I) think (that); (I) have a feeling (that); feels like; feels similar to
that being the case; because of ...; the reason is ...; given that ...
attention; notice; care; caution; advice; warning
please (give me); please (do for me)
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
secret; secrecy; mystery; secret (e.g. to success); esoteric teachings
organization; organisation; structure; construction; system (e.g. railroad, transport, party, etc.); tissue; texture (of a rock)
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
president (of a society); chairman
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you