indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
if; in case; as for; on the topic of; if that's the case; if so
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
launching; launch; end (of a theatrical run, etc.); closing party (e.g. a theater show); cast party
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to go out (e.g. on an excursion or outing); to leave; to depart; to be about to leave; to be just going out
indicates emotion or admiration; indicates emphasis; I; me; wah!; boo!
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
is that so? (generally rhetorical)
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
nicely; properly; frequently; often; I'm glad that you ...; thank you for ...
to reach the point that; to come to be that; to turn into
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
father; dad; husband; you; he
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to be able (in a position) to do; to be up to the task; to be ready; to be completed; to be made; to be built; to be good at
this sort of; this kind of; like this; such
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality
is not; am not; are not; isn't it?
yes; that is correct; understood; I see; present; here; pardon?
in that way; thus; so; so?
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
to marry (of a woman); to become a bride; to marry into (a family)
time; hour; occasion; case; chance; opportunity
such; that sort of; that kind of; no way!; never!
far; distant; distant (past); remote (in time); distant (relationship or kinship); having little to do (with someone); far (from something else in quality, degree, etc.)
talk; speech; topic; subject; discussions; negotiation; rumor
hah (derisively); pooh; pfft (of something disappearing); poof; huff; puff
now; soon; already; yet; further; more
to arrive at; to reach; to sit on; to sit at (e.g. the table)
I wonder; should I?; is it?; I wish that; I hope that
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
how; in what way; how about
seems; I think; I guess; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
no matter what; whatever you say; in the end; after all
location for closing party
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
two persons; two people; pair; couple
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
indicates reason or excuse; indicates dissatisfaction; indicates desire to be pampered or indulged
to wait; to await; to look forward to; to depend on; to need