if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to part (usu. of people); to part from; to separate (of a couple); to break up; to lose (e.g. one's mother); to be bereaved
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
muddy colored lipstick or rouge
supremacy (over a nation); hegemony; domination; championship; victory
meeting; rendezvous; encounter; confluence
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to pass; to elapse; to pass through; to go through; to experience; to go through
magic; witchcraft; sorcery; spell
country; state; region; national government; central government; home (i.e. hometown, home country); (arch.) province (of Japan)
everything; all; the whole; entirely; completely; wholly
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
domination; rule; direction; management; control (e.g. over one's emotions); determining (e.g. one's fate)
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
place; location; room; space; basho; wrestling tournament
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
educational institution; school; academy; campus
living; life (one's daily existence); livelihood
to begin; to start; to happen (again); to begin (anew); to date (from); to originate (in)
now that you mention it; come to think of it; that reminds me; on that subject; speaking of which
safety; security; safely; without incident; good health; inaction
entry to school or university; matriculation; enrolment (in university, etc.) (enrollment)
interrogative sentence-ending particle expressing doubt
is that so? (generally rhetorical)
now; soon; already; yet; further; more
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to arrive at; to reach; to sit on; to sit at (e.g. the table)
(approximate) time; around; suitable time (or condition); time of year; season
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
yes; that is correct; um; errr; huh?; grrr
surely; undoubtedly; sternly; severely; having no slack; rigid
examination; exam; test; trial; experiment; test
to receive; to get; to catch (e.g. a ball); to be struck by (wind, waves, sunlight, etc.); to sustain (damage); to incur (a loss); to undergo (e.g. surgery)
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
it seems; I think; I guess; right?; don't you agree?
yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof
(real) ability; true strength; merit; arms; force
(not) particularly; (not) especially; (not) specially; separately; apart; additionally
six; six years of age; six o'clock (old time system)
to divide (into); to split (into); to share; to distribute; to distinguish; to discriminate; to break up (a fight)
yes; yeah; huh?; what?; not; 's
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...