this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
no good; not serving its purpose; hopeless; wasted; cannot; must not
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
soon; shortly; before long; nearly; almost
to disappear (of people or animals); to go (away); to leave; to no longer exist
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
to end; to come to an end; to close; to finish
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
to hide; to be hidden; to conceal oneself; to disappear
look!; look out!; hey!; look at me!; there you are!
aviation; flight; flying; to fly; to take a flight
model; type (e.g. of machine, goods, etc.); type; style; mold (mould); template; kata (standard form of a movement, posture, etc. in martial arts, sport, etc.)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to build up; to establish; to form; to become (a state); to accomplish; to achieve; to change into
behind; rear; after; later; remainder; the rest; more (e.g. five more minutes)
collection; recovery; withdrawal; retrieval
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
to ferry across (e.g. a river); to carry across; to lay across; to build across; to hand over; to hand in
small quantity; little; little while; short distance
approximately; about; to (about) the extent that; (almost) enough that; as ... as ...; like
to receive; to take; to get somebody to do something; to have in one's pocket (a fight, match); to contract (a disease); to catch
had better ...; had better not ...
yes; yeah; huh?; what?; not; 's
organization; organisation; structure; construction; system (e.g. railroad, transport, party, etc.); tissue; texture (of a rock)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
arrangements; plan; programme; program; preparations
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
what; how many; many; a lot of; several; a few
wanted; wished for; in need of; I want (you) to
endorsing and questioning the preceding statement; lamenting reflections on the preceding statement
disagreeable; detestable; unpleasant; reluctant
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
something; some; somehow; for some reason; (is there) something (you want, etc.)
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
to be troubled; to have difficulty; to be bothered; to be inconvenienced; to be badly off; to be hard up
seems; I think; I guess; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!
clothes (esp. Western clothes); counter for doses of medicine, gulps of tea, drags of a cigarette, etc.