jpdb beta

ah; oh; hey!

15

Sapporo (city in Hokkaido)

5

indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis

45

the north; northward; northern direction; northern part (e.g. of a country); northern district

1

reclamation (e.g. wasteland); cultivation; development; pioneering; opening up (e.g. new market); breaking new ground

1

indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question

66

good; advantage; sake; purpose; consequence; result

1

center; centre; metropolis

1

as (i.e. in the role of); for (i.e. from the viewpoint of); apart from... (used to change the topic); even (e.g. "not even a single person"); thinking that...; trying to...

1

planned; scheduled; systematic

1

at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for

38

to make; to produce; to prepare (food); to brew (alcohol); to raise; to grow; to till

1

town; city; municipal; urban

1

be; is

1

at that time; in those days

1

smallness; small item; short month (i.e. having fewer than 31 days); elementary school; smaller (of two things, places, etc. with the same name); inferior; younger (of two people with the same name)

1

cask; barrel

1

extent; degree; limit; bounds; (span of) time; (a) distance; the state of

1

population; common talk

1

is not; am not; are not

1

indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)

47

Russo-Japanese War (1904-5)

1

munitions; military stores

1

at; in; at; when; by; with; and then

18

big; large; loud; extensive; spacious; important

2

development; growth; development (of a situation, story, etc.); advancement; playing around; having an active sex life

1

hey; say; look

1

shopkeeper; storekeeper; proprietor of a shop

1

near; neighbourhood; nearly (e.g. "it took nearly one year"); close to; shortly; soon

1

lodging; inn; house; home; home of a servant's parents (or guarantor, etc.)

1

won't; hasn't; isn't; won't you

1

don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...

7

long trip

1

to get tired; to tire; to become worn out (of a well-used object); (arch.) to starve

1

old; aged; long; since long ago; of the distant past; long-ago

2

hotel

10

if; in case; as for; on the topic of; if that's the case; if so

2

counter for buildings (esp. houses); suffix for a pen name, stage name, etc.

1

to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen

9

hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo

13

before one knows; before one becomes aware of; unnoticed; unawares

1

manager; proprietor

1

young; youthful; immature; green; low (number); small

2

proprietress (of a traditional Japanese inn or restaurant); landlady; hostess; mistress

34

to succeed; to relieve; to take the place of; to substitute for; to be exchanged; to change (places with)

1

you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...

9

right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?

4

this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence

3

really; very; extremely; (not) anything; (not) at all; (not) a bit

1

amorous; sexy; voluptuous; erotic

1