war; fighting; fierce competition
Karafuto (Japanese name for Sakhalin)
Meiji era (1868.9.8-1912.7.30)
government; administration
leadership; initiative; spearhead
near; close; close (in time); soon; close (relationship); friendly
distinction; difference; separate; different; exception; exclusion
necessary; needed; essential; necessity; need; requirement
it is assuredly that ...; can say with confidence that ...; did not ...
the north; northward; northern direction; northern part (e.g. of a country); northern district
protection; defense; providence; amulet; charm
to entrust (a matter) to; to leave to; to abandon oneself to (e.g. pleasure); to yield to (e.g. anger); to devote oneself to
in order to; for the purpose of; must; should
independence; self-reliance; independence (e.g. of a nation); freedom; separation; isolation
foreign; abroad; overseas
emigration; immigration; emigrant; immigrant
to become stronger; to grow in intensity; to grow violent; to invite contributions, etc.; to solicit help, participation, etc.; to recruit (e.g. soldiers)
multiracial nation; multiethnic country
to build; to construct; to erect; to amass (e.g. fortune); to pile up
still; as yet; (not) yet; more; (more) still; at least
to make war (on); to wage war (against); to compete (against); to struggle (against adversities, etc.); to fight
time; hour; period; class
to get tired; to tire; to become worn out (of a well-used object); (arch.) to starve
to live; to exist; to make a living; to subsist; to be in effect; to be in use
to pass through; to pass by; to pass (of time); to elapse; to have expired; to have ended; to exceed
assistance; help; helper; babe; chick; broad
to get back; to regain; to recover; to make up (for); to catch up on
to forget; to leave carelessly; to be forgetful of; to forget about; to forget (an article)
in order to (e.g. meet goal); so that; take care (so as); hoping or wishing for something
to relax; to make oneself comfortable
as is; as it is; as things are; like this; this way; at this rate
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
comfort; ease; easy; simple; (economically) comfortable; raku pottery
I'm sorry; (it's) inexcusable; I feel regretful; thank you very much (for help, etc.)
the world and the nation; the state of the world; high affairs of state
crowd of people; great number of people; in great numbers
clique; group; (political) faction; wing; school; sect
tool; implement; means; furniture
plot of land; lot; soil; locality; region; place
as (i.e. in the role of); for (i.e. from the viewpoint of); apart from... (used to change the topic); even (e.g. "not even a single person"); thinking that...; trying to...
myself; yourself; I; me; you
box; case; car (of a train, etc.); shamisen case; shamisen; public building; community building
mansion; palace; (arch.) nobleman; (arch.) noblewoman; (arch.) cabin (on a boat, carriage, etc.)