the present; present time; as of; present tense; this world; this life
than; from; out of; except; but; more
approximately; about; promise; appointment; shortening; reduction
year; counter for years (e.g. of an era), grades (e.g. school); period of an apprentice's contract (usu. ten years)
in front (of); before (e.g. a building); before; earlier; (the) front; frontal part; forward
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
three; three years of age
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to branch; to fork; to separate; to split; to disperse; to scatter
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to compete; to contest; to quarrel; to argue; to deny (e.g. evidence)
to lead; to spearhead (a group); to command (troops)
Sichuan (province in China); Shu; Shu Han; Shu; kingdom in ancient China (-316 BCE)
food; foodstuff; eating; appetite; meal; portion
Cao Cao (155-220), famous statesman and general at the end of Han, noted poet and calligrapher, later warlord, founder and first king of Cao Wei, father of Emperor Cao Pi; the main villain of novel the Romance of Three Kingdoms
Wei; Cao Wei; kingdom in China during the Three Kingdoms period (220-266); Wei; kingdom in China during the Warring States period (403-225 BCE)
Wu; region in China, south of the lower Yangtze; Wu; Southern Wu; Wu; Eastern Wu
honorific/polite/humble prefix; honorific suffix
Three Kingdoms period (of Chinese history, 220 CE-280 CE); Three Kingdoms period (of Korean history, 57 BCE-668 CE)
to have an audience (with); to have an interview (with); to meet; to see
many; numerous; various; large number of
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
great man; heroic figure; remarkable character
to create; to bring forth; to invent; to think up and bring into being; to give birth to; to bear
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
majestic figure; imposing figure; impressive appearance; magnificent appearance
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
to pass down (a story) from generation to generation; to hand down
Common Era; CE; Christian Era; Western (Gregorian) calendar
height; stature; length (esp. of clothing); all (one has); everything; magnificence (of a waka poem, etc.)
original; primitive; primary; fundamental; raw
battle formation; camp; encampment; group; gang; war
quiet; silent; slow; unhurried; calm; peaceful
to shake; to sway; to waver
emperor (of Japan); mikado
Minister of War (Zhou-dynasty China)
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to spread out; to lay out; to take a position; to impose widely (e.g. over a city)
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
together; mutually; fellow