indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
honorific/polite/humble prefix
to convey; to report; to transmit; to communicate; to tell; to impart
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
Tokyo Metropolis (prefecture); Tokyo metropolitan area
female high-school student
(one's) whereabouts; destination; where one is headed; outcome; course (of events); future
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
fourth day of the month; four days
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
going out; outing; leaving (one's home, office, etc.)
behind; rear; after; later; remainder; the rest; more (e.g. five more minutes)
contacting; (making) contact; connection (with a train, bus, etc.); joining (a railway line, etc.); connection (between matters, incidents, etc.); relation
to stop; to cease; to come to an end; to cut off
to descend (e.g. a mountain); to go down; to alight (e.g. from bus); to get off; to step down; to retire; to be granted
police; police officer; police station
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
event; affair; incident; case; plot; trouble
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to roll up; to enfold; to swallow up; to involve; to drag into
potentiality; likelihood; possibility; availability
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
to try to ...; to be about to do ...; to decide to ...; to take as; to treat as; to use for; to suppose that (such) is the case
search (esp. in criminal investigations); investigation; inquiry; enquiry
to advance; to move forward; to carry forward (plans, work, etc.); to proceed with; to raise; to elevate
a short while ago; a moment ago; just now; some time ago
once; one time; one round; one game; one bout; one heat
war; battle; match; game; competition
result; consequence; coming to fruition; bearing fruit; as a result; consequently
to leave; to exit; to leave (on a journey); to depart; to move forward; to come to; to get to
what; how many; many; a lot of; several; a few
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
breaking through; breakthrough; surmounting; overcoming; exceeding; passing
no; nay; well; er; you're welcome; not at all
natural; reasonable; obvious; usual; common; ordinary