letter (of alphabet); character; writing
by means of; due to; because of; according to
record; minutes; record (e.g. in sports); results; to record; to document
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
period; epoch; the times; those days; oldness; ancientness
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
next (to); adjoining; adjacent; house next door; neighbouring house; next-door neighbour
seat; location (of a gathering, etc.); place; position; post
refrigerator; cold; cool; cold sake
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
indicates word or phrase being defined; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); with; (not) as much as; (not) so much as; the fact that
to feel; to sense; to experience
entry to school or university; matriculation; enrolment (in university, etc.) (enrollment)
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
being in charge of (esp. a class or subject); taking charge of; class teacher; homeroom teacher; form teacher
being in charge (of an area of responsibility); being responsible (for a work role, etc.)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
physical education; PE; gym (class)
please remember me; please help me; please treat me well; please do; please take care of
well then ...; in that situation; in which case
request; favour (to ask); wish; please
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
tension; mental strain; nervousness
(not) at all; (not) in the slightest; wholly; entirely; extremely; very
voice; singing (of a bird); chirping (of an insect); voice; opinion (as expressed in words); sound; sense (of something's arrival)
to leave; to exit; to leave (on a journey); to depart; to move forward; to come to; to get to
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
senior high school; high school
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
to change; to be transformed; to move to; to be different; to be uncommon
sour look; surly face; pout
scary; frightening; eerie; dreadful
skillful; skilful; delicious; appetizing; fortunate; splendid
to become familiar with; to fit in; to adapt oneself; to get used to; to grow accustomed to
junior high school; middle school; lower secondary school
that sort of; that kind of; like that; such; so