lily yarn; handicraft, knitting, etc. thread made of artificial silk
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
now; soon; already; yet; further; more
this world; this life; world of the living
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
in that way; thus; so; so?
it is assuredly that ...; can say with confidence that ...; did not ...
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
that is so; that is right; it looks to me; people say that; it is said that; I hear that
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
revival (e.g. musical); come-back; restoration; rebirth; resurrection
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
song; singing; classical Japanese poem (esp. tanka); modern poetry
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
inside; interior; among; within; middle; center; during
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
continuously in some state (for a long time, distance); throughout; much (better, etc.); by far; far away; long ago
to live; to exist; to make a living; to subsist; to be in effect; to be in use
promise; agreement; convention; rule; destiny; fate
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
one; for one thing; only; (not) even; just (e.g. "just try it"); some kind of; one type of
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
end; conclusion; last; final; no sooner than; once
always; without exception; necessarily; certainly; without fail; positively
to protect; to guard; to defend; to keep (i.e. a promise); to abide (by the rules); to observe
force; strength; capability; ability; efficacy; effect; effort
from here; from this place
(arch.) office; (arch.) official; chief; head; (Yaeyama Islands in Okinawa) person (usually a woman) whose duty it is to officiate at religions ceremonies
army; armed forces; military authorities; team; group
company; lot; bunch; troupe; company (of musicians)
to trick; to cheat; to deceive; to coax; to wheedle; to soothe and humor (humour)
companion; fellow; group; company; member of the same category (family, class)
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
to turn up; to roll up (e.g. sleeves); to do over and over again; to do relentlessly; to stage a comeback (against) (in mahjong, horse racing, etc.); to come from behind
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
to die; to pass away; to lose spirit; to lose vigor; to cease; to stop
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
record (e.g. LP); record (e.g. in sports); record (data structure)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing