indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
diligently; seriously; perfectly; properly; sufficiently; satisfactorily
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
I wonder; should I?; is it?; I wish that; I hope that
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
day; days; sun; sunshine; (the) day; daytime; date
star (usu. not including the Sun); planet (usu. not including Earth); star (glyph, symbol, shape); star (actor, player, etc.); small dot; spot; star point (in go)
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
staying up late; keeping late hours; sitting up late at night; nighthawk
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
festival; feast; harassment by an Internet pitchfork mob; online shaming; galore (as in "goals galore"); frenzy
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to end; to come to an end; to close; to finish
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
yo!; hello there!; wow!; oh!; yah! (yell)
honorific/polite/humble prefix; honorific suffix
(somebody's) child; person with parents; other people's children; the Son of Man; Christ
preparation; arrangements
from now on; after this; in the future; from here; from this point
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
honorific/polite/humble prefix
sleeping in late; oversleeping; late riser; sleepyhead
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
immediately; right away; at once; instantly
to come along; to come around; to turn up; to arrive at the present; to get where one is; to have been doing something (for a period of time)
to burn; to burn with (emotion, feeling); to be fired up
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
black; dark; blackish; suspicious; criminal; darkened and dirty; sooty
realm of the dead; the other world; underworld; hell
deer (esp. the sika deer, Cervus nippon); cervid
plain; field; hidden (structural) member; wild; lacking a political post
to be careful; to pay attention; to take care