this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
ball (for sport, games, etc.); kemari; type of football played by courtiers in ancient Japan
counter for houses, households, apartments, etc.
captain (Army, U.S. Marine Corps, USAF); lieutenant (Navy); flight lieutenant (RAF, RAAF, RNZAF, etc.)
all; whole; entire; complete (set); in total
chance; opportunity; machine; aircraft; counter for aircraft; counter for (remaining) lives
deployment; spreading out; dispersal
no good; not serving its purpose; hopeless; wasted; cannot; must not
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
attack; assault; raid; criticism; censure; denunciation
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
being struck by lightning; torpedo attack
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
to perform; to do; to conduct oneself; to carry out
if; in case; as for; on the topic of; if that's the case; if so
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
conversion; diversion; changeover; commutation; switchover
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to give birth; to bear (child); to lay (eggs); to produce; to yield; to give rise to
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
as expected; sure enough; after all (is said and done); in the end; too; also
in that way; thus; so; so?
sweet-tasting; sweet; fragrant (smelling); sweet (music); lightly salted; light in salt; naive
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
appearing ...; looking ...; way to ...; method of ...ing; form; style
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
to try to ...; to be about to do ...; to decide to ...; to take as; to treat as; to use for; to suppose that (such) is the case
to hit; to strike; to strike (noon, etc.); to sound (cymbals, etc.); to beat (rhythmically, e.g. pulse, waves, etc.); to move; to impress
hand; arm; forepaw; foreleg; handle; hand; worker
by means of; due to; because of; according to
transmission (e.g. news, chemical signals, electricity); communication; delivery; conveyance; transfer; relay
evacuation; withdrawal; revocation; repeal; retreat
order; command; decree; (software) instruction; statement
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
to leave; to exit; to leave (on a journey); to depart; to move forward; to come to; to get to
whole army; whole team; all armies; all teams
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to receive; to get; to catch (e.g. a ball); to be struck by (wind, waves, sunlight, etc.); to sustain (damage); to incur (a loss); to undergo (e.g. surgery)
be supposed or expected to (do); be sure to (do); ought to (do)