some time ago; recently; lately; last (Sunday, etc.); previous
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
next (to); adjoining; adjacent; house next door; neighbouring house; next-door neighbour
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
great depth; bottomless; great height
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
today; this day; these days; recently; nowadays
alone; by oneself; on one's own
to make war (on); to wage war (against); to compete (against); to struggle (against adversities, etc.); to fight
suffix for familiar person
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
for; for the sake of; to one's advantage; because of; as a result of
companion; partner; other party; addressee; opponent (sports, etc.)
to begin; to start; to happen (again); to begin (anew); to date (from); to originate (in)
genius; prodigy; natural gift
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
than; from; out of; except; but; more
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
the prosecution; prosecution side
preparation; arrangements; getting ready; provision; setup; reserving
completion; conclusion; perfect (tense, form, aspect)
to be (animate); to be; to be ..ing; to (have the audacity to) do
the defence; defence side
request; favour (to ask); wish; please
to obey respectfully; to humble oneself; to sit straight (upright, respectfully, attentively)
victim; injured party; sufferer
two persons; two people; pair; couple
relation; relationship; participation; involvement; influence; effect
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
crime; criminal act; offence; offense
establishing proof; demonstration; substantiation
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
definite; final; decisive; conclusive