hello; good day; good afternoon
today; this day; these days; recently; nowadays
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
Japanese cherry birch (Betula grossa); yellow catalpa (Catalpa ovata); Japanese mallotus (Mallotus japonicus); printing block; catalpa bow; catalpa medium
diligently; seriously; perfectly; properly; sufficiently; satisfactorily
for the first time; only after ... is it ...; only when ... do you ...; first time; (one's) first
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
about to start out; just about to leave or go out; outing; trip
suffix for familiar person
I'm sorry; my apologies; may I come in?; permission; leave; dismissal
clothes (esp. Western clothes); counter for doses of medicine, gulps of tea, drags of a cigarette, etc.
cute; adorable; dear; precious; innocent; childlike
this time; now; next time; another time; recently; lately
light (e.g. aircraft, truck); light motor vehicle (up to 660cc and 64bhp); kei car
sound; noise; note; fame; Chinese-derived character reading
department (in an organization); division; club; part; component; category
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
lodging together; training camp; boarding house
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof
counter for nights of a stay; overnight stay; lodging
fourth day of the month; four days
after all; because; but; even; too; as well
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
older sister; lass; young lady
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
terrible; dreadful; amazing (e.g. of strength); great (e.g. of skills); to a great extent; vast (in numbers)
enjoyable; fun; pleasant; happy; delightful
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
practice; training; drill; (an) exercise; workout
fullness; completion; enhancement; improvement; replenishment; repletion
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
I wonder; should I?; is it?; I wish that; I hope that
in that way; thus; so; so?
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
it seems; I think; I guess; right?; don't you agree?
is that so? (generally rhetorical)
everyone; everybody; all; everything; all
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker