indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
(approximate) time; around; suitable time (or condition); time of year; season
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
head; hair (on one's head); mind; brains; leader; chief; top
inside; interior; among; within; middle; center; during
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
image (in one's mind); impression; (computer) image; depiction (e.g. of a product); rendition
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
where; what place; how much (long, far); what extent
to also be (implies that as well as the earlier stated this is also the case); to be ... or something
appearing that; seeming that; looking like; having the appearance of
scenery; scene; landscape; scene (e.g. of a crime)
on countless occasions; many a time
scenery; scene; landscape
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
place; location; room; space; basho; wrestling tournament
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
(something) has never occurred; to have never done (something); such a thing has not happened; never happens; there is never a time when
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to receive; to get; to catch (e.g. a ball); to be struck by (wind, waves, sunlight, etc.); to sustain (damage); to incur (a loss); to undergo (e.g. surgery)
consequence; outcome; result; blame
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
to be called ...; to be referred to as ...
truth; reality; proper; right; genuine; authentic
things like; something like; someone like; such a thing as; (the fact) that; to think that
inconsequential; indifferent; not worth worrying about; whatever; whichever; I don't care
ordinary; common; free of charge; unaffected; as is; only
something; some; somehow; for some reason; (is there) something (you want, etc.)
to search for; to look for; to hunt for; to search (a house, pocket, etc.); to search through; to rummage in (e.g. a drawer)
so; therefore; accordingly; like I said; I told you already
to start a journey; to embark on a trip; to set forth; to hit the trail
band (e.g. conduction, valence); belt (e.g. Van-Allen, asteroid, etc.)
vamp (woman who uses sex appeal to exploit men); bump
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
why?; what for?; how?; by what means?
remote region; frontier (district); border(land)
request; favour (to ask); wish; please
indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question