I'm sorry; my apologies; excuse me; pardon me
senior (at work or school); superior; elder; older graduate; progenitor; old-timer
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
somehow; how; in what way; why; what kind of
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
it is assuredly that ...; can say with confidence that ...
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
safe; secure; certainly; surely; no thanks; I'm good
everything; all; the whole; entirely; completely; wholly
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
consequence; outcome; result; blame
that's the way it is; yes; is that so?; is it?
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
everyone; everybody; all; everything; all
where; what place; how much (long, far); what extent
(one's) older sister; (one's) elder sister; girl
eh?; what?; yes; that's correct; (arch.) strengthens a question, assertion, etc.; (arch.) hey
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
that is so; that is right; it looks to me; people say that; it is said that; I hear that
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
star (usu. not including the Sun); planet (usu. not including Earth); star (glyph, symbol, shape); star (actor, player, etc.); small dot; spot; star point (in go)
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to come along; to come around; to turn up; to arrive at the present; to get where one is; to have been doing something (for a period of time)
human being; human; person; character (of a person)
to be (in contrast to something that is not the case)
in that way; thus; so; so?
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
that; the matter in question
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to be aware of; to know; to notice; to feel; to understand; to comprehend; to remember
so; therefore; accordingly; like I said; I told you already
to be surprised; to be astonished
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
or rather (say); or better (say); or perhaps I should say; or, how should I put it,...; I mean
science fiction; sci-fi; SF
to move; to stir; to operate; to run; to make a move; to take action; to be touched
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
on the way; en route; in the middle of; midway; halfway