how; in what way; how about
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
he; she; this; this one; Hey, you!; You bastard!
origin; source; base; basis; cause; ingredient; material
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
figure; form; appearance; dress; state; condition
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to put back; to return; to vomit; to throw up; to recover (of a market price)
indicates emotion or admiration; indicates emphasis; I; me; wah!; boo!
to be found; to be discovered
in order to (e.g. meet goal); so that; take care (so as); hoping or wishing for something
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to be responsible for; to bear the responsibility of
(medical) treatment; care; therapy; cure; remedy
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
safe; secure; certainly; surely; no thanks; I'm good
indicates word or phrase being defined; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); with; (not) as much as; (not) so much as; the fact that
to master (a skill); proprietor; manager; leader; chief; master (of arts, science, etc.); master (recording)
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
in that way; thus; so; so?
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
such things as ...; and ... and; the minute (that) ...; no sooner than ...; be; is; o
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
indicates uncertainty or second hand nature of information quoted
corresponding to (in meaning, function, etc.); being equivalent to; appropriate; suitable; to be proportionate to; to be in keeping with
to torment; to pain; to inflict (physical) pain; to harass; to cause (emotional) pain; to afflict
seeming to be; appearing to be; like; similar to; in order to (e.g. meet goal); so that
(what) the heck; (why) in the world; one object; one body; one form; one style
inconsequential; indifferent; not worth worrying about; whatever; whichever; I don't care
such (about the actions of the listener, or about ideas expressed or understood by the listener); like that; that sort of
wisdom; jnana (higher knowledge)
you; buddy; monarch; ruler; he; she
anyhow; at any rate; anyway; somehow or other; generally speaking; in any case
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to bring someone happiness; to make someone happy
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become