from time immemorial; ancient; time-honoured; time-honored
battle; fight; war; struggle; conflict
to study (in depth); to learn; to take lessons in
necessary; needed; essential; necessity; need; requirement
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
country in civil war; country disarrayed by war; Warring States period (Japan, China); competiton in which there are several evenly-matched participants; hotly-contested game (match, market, etc.)
Oda Nobunaga (1534-1582.6.21)
destruction; disruption; (application) crash
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to fill; to become full (of); to wax (of the moon); to rise (of the tide); to flow; to expire (of a period of time)
interval; space; valley; gorge; loophole (in a wall); crenel
disadvantage; handicap; unfavorable position
state of affairs (around you); situation; circumstances
(sudden) change; reversal; turn-around; coming from behind (baseball)
head; chief; merit; strong point; superiority; major
thin-culmed dwarf bamboo (growing in clusters); Japanese transverse bamboo flute (high-pitched; usu. with seven holes); sliver (strand of loose fibers)
battle; fight; fighting; engagement; contest
thousands; several thousand
counter for leaves in a book (esp. one with traditional Japanese-style binding); counter for blocks of tofu; counter for servings in a restaurant; counter for long and narrow things such as guns, scissors, spades, hoes, inksticks, palanquins, candles, jinrikishas, shamisen, oars, etc.; even number; 109.09 m
gun; wooden pole that wrestlers strike in practice; puffer fish
to use; to make use of; to utilize; to utilise
army; armed forces; military authorities; team; group
victory; triumph; conquest; success; win
to guide; to lead; to show the way; to derive; to deduce
ordinary person; run-of-the-mill people; John Doe; Jane Doe
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
idea; conception; way of thinking; approach; expression
where; what place; how much (long, far); what extent
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
endorsing and questioning the preceding statement; lamenting reflections on the preceding statement
room; chamber; apartment; flat; stable
always; all the time; never; usual; regular
called; named; as many as; as much as; all ...; every single ...
perhaps; likely; probably; I dare say
at that time; in those days
New World (esp. the Americas, but also Australasia)
guidepost; signpost; guide; manual; tiger beetle (esp. the Japanese tiger beetle, Cicindela japonica)