behind; rear; after; later; remainder; the rest; more (e.g. five more minutes)
several minutes; a few minutes
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
large; big; great; prominent; -sized; as big as; university
supremacy (over a nation); hegemony; domination; championship; victory
Star Festival (held in July or August); Tanabata
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to begin; to start; to happen (again); to begin (anew); to date (from); to originate (in)
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
university town; college town
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
where; what place; how much (long, far); what extent
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
student (esp. a university student)
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
guardians; parents; father and older brother
such things as ...; and ... and; the minute (that) ...; no sooner than ...; be; is; o
visitor (to a factory, school, lab., etc.)
amount necessary to fill a container (e.g. cupful, spoonful, etc.); drink (usu. alcoholic); full; one squid, octopus, crab, etc.; one boat; fully; to capacity
bento; Japanese box lunch
famous product; special product; speciality; specialty
to be needed; to be wanted
interrogative sentence-ending particle expressing doubt
profusely (esp. flowers blooming in great profusion)
household economy; housekeeping; homemaking
than; from; out of; except; but; more
accurate; correct; precise; exact
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
apprenticeship; probation; learning by observation; apprentice; trainee; probationer
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
various; all sorts of; variety of; (arch.) various colors (colours)
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
around the world; throughout the world
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
condensation (of ideas, emotions, etc.); condensation (of a vapour or gas)
like; similar to; (I) think (that); (I) have a feeling (that); feels like; feels similar to
place; location; room; space; basho; wrestling tournament
so; therefore; accordingly; like I said; I told you already