yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof
today; this day; these days; recently; nowadays
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
everyone; everybody; all; everything; all
to persevere; to persist; to insist that; to stick to (one's opinion); to remain in a place; to stick to one's post
oh!; good heavens!; ugh!; oh no!; ah!; the penny drops!
to discover; to find (e.g. an error in a book); to locate; to find (e.g. something missing); to be used to seeing; to be familiar with
indicates emotion or admiration; indicates emphasis; I; me; wah!; boo!
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
it is ... that ...; precisely; although; while; it is precisely because ... that ...; only because ...
victory or defeat; match; contest; game
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
child; kid; (one's) child; offspring; young (animal); young woman; offshoot
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
really; truly; indeed; good grief
to be aware of; to know; to notice; to feel; to understand; to comprehend; to remember
person; someone; human beings; mankind; human (Homo sapiens); (other) people; others
mistaking one person for another; (case of) mistaken identity
is not; am not; are not; isn't it?
a little; a bit; just a minute; for a moment; somewhat; rather; (not) easily
to wait; to await; to look forward to; to depend on; to need
all one's life; throughout one's life; as long as one lives
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
what; how many; many; a lot of; several; a few
business; task; use; purpose; for the use of ...; used for ...
in that way; thus; so; so?
yes; that is correct; um; errr; huh?; grrr
only extant copy; only existing copy
(school) athletic festival; sports day; field day
set of three; three sets; three classes
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
overall victory; championship
to receive; to take; to get somebody to do something; to have in one's pocket (a fight, match); to contract (a disease); to catch
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
in the first place; to begin with; after all; anyway; beginning; start
what kind of; what sort of; what; no matter what (kind of); whatever; any
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work