indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
picture; drawing; painting; image (TV, film, etc.); picture; footage
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to draw; to paint; to depict; to describe; to picture in one's mind; to imagine
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
to receive; to get; to eat; to drink; to be crowned with; to wear (on one's head)
no; nay; well; er; you're welcome; not at all
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
a little; a bit; just a minute; for a moment; somewhat; rather; (not) easily
disagreeable; detestable; unpleasant; reluctant
after all; because; but; even; too; as well
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
one's own convenience; one's way; surroundings; environment; convenience; ease of use; financial circumstances
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
person; someone; human beings; mankind; human (Homo sapiens); (other) people; others
to enter; to go into; to break into; to join; to enroll; to contain; to hold
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to fall down; to drop; to be omitted; to be missing; to decrease; to sink; to fail (e.g. exam or class)
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
room; chamber; apartment; flat; stable
to advance; to go forward; to precede; to go ahead (of); to make progress; to improve; to deepen
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
to have a reason; to have an excuse
just; justifiable; right; due; proper; equitable
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
although; despite; whereas; while; if only; I wish
dwelling; house; residence; address
invasion; incursion; raid; aggression; intrusion; trespass
not exceeding; and downward; below (e.g. standard); under (e.g. a level); the below-mentioned; the following
penal servitude; imprisonment with hard labor (hard labour)
100,000; hundred thousand
yen (Japanese monetary unit); circle