hm; um; huh?; what?; nuh-uh; no
hah (derisively); pooh; pfft (of something disappearing); poof; huff; puff
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
plus; addition; positive number; gain; advantage; anode
service station; gas station; shortstop; sporty sedan; steamship; SS; Secret Service
shot; charge; blow; punch; home run; try
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
special quality, class or grade
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
to stop (an activity); to cease; to discontinue; to cancel; to abandon; to give up
achievement; meritorious deed; distinguished service; contribution
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
why?; what for?; how?; by what means?
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
research division; research club (e.g. at school, university)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to protect; to guard; to defend; to keep (i.e. a promise); to abide (by the rules); to observe
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
in that way; thus; so; so?
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
wishes of a deceased person; dying wish
to exterminate; to eradicate; to wipe out; to let (fire) go out; to let die (e.g. flowers); to run out of
friend; ally; supporter; taking sides with; supporting; standing by
you; presence (of a god, nobleman, etc.)
to take; to pick up; to pass; to hand; to get; to obtain; to adopt (a method, proposal, etc.)
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
what; how many; many; a lot of; several; a few
gathering; meeting; assembly; collection; attendance
Chinese parasol-tree (Firmiana simplex); Chinese-bottletree; Japanese varnishtree; phoenix-tree
remnants; survivors; refugees; pocket (of resistance)