oh; ho; exclamation of surprise, admiration, etc.; hoo (owl call); toot (sound of a flute)
ordinary; common; free of charge; unaffected; as is; only
practice; training; drill; (an) exercise; workout
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
adds force or indicates command
to wait; to await; to look forward to; to depend on; to need
everyone; everybody; all; everything; all
to be in high spirits; to be full of vigor (vigour); to be enthusiastic; to be eager; to stretch to breaking point
indicates emotion or admiration; indicates emphasis; I; me; wah!; boo!
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof
school festival; cultural festival; annual open day school event showcasing student talent
near; close; close (in time); soon; close (relationship); friendly
and; besides; because; since; the thing is; for one thing
to pass through; to pass by; to pass (of time); to elapse; to have expired; to have ended; to exceed
-like; sort of; similar to; resembling
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
in order to (e.g. meet goal); so that; take care (so as); hoping or wishing for something
so; therefore; accordingly; like I said; I told you already
mandarin (esp. the satsuma mandarin (Citrus unshiu)); mandarin orange; tangerine; citrus (Citrus spp.)
to eat; to live on (e.g. a salary); to live off; to subsist on
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
hand; arm; forepaw; foreleg; handle; hand; worker
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
yellow; high-pitched (voice); shrill
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
sum; harmony; peace; Japan; Japanese-style
suffix for familiar person
to persevere; to persist; to insist that; to stick to (one's opinion); to remain in a place; to stick to one's post
honorific/polite/humble prefix
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
it is assuredly that ...; can say with confidence that ...; did not ...
mountain stream; valley; dale; wetlands; swamp; marsh
for a moment; for a minute; for a while; for some time; for the time being; for now
to use (a thing, method, etc.); to make use of; to use (a person, animal, puppet, etc.); to employ; to use (time, money, etc.); to spend
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
truth; reality; proper; right; genuine; authentic
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
lie; fib; mistake; error; unwise move; bad decision
something like ...; things like ...; someone like ...; the likes of ...