from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
China; Chūgoku region (western part of Honshu comprising the prefectures of Okayama, Hiroshima, Yamaguchi, Tottori and Shimane); central part of a country; main region; province of the second lowest rank (ritsuryo system)
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
high ground; plateau; heights
lodging together; training camp; boarding house
what!; oh; what the heck; what the; damn
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to be separated; to be apart; to leave; to go away; to leave (a job, etc.); to quit
in front (of); before (e.g. a building); before; earlier; (the) front; frontal part; forward
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
encouragement; spurring (on); cheering (on)
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
not quite (right); not very good; somewhat (lacking)
you (plural); all of you; you all
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
stronghold; citadel; headquarters
to memorize; to memorise; to learn; to pick up; to feel; to think
to be saved; to be rescued; to escape harm; to be spared damage; to be helped; to be saved trouble
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
overseas student; exchange student
to put in; to let in; to admit; to accept; to accept; to comply; to include
yes; yeah; huh?; what?; not; 's
endorsing and questioning the preceding statement; lamenting reflections on the preceding statement
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
Japanese person; Japanese people
victory or defeat; match; contest; game
wanted; wished for; in need of; I want (you) to
such things as ...; and ... and; the minute (that) ...; no sooner than ...; be; is; o
rope; cord; line; grand champion's braided belt
anyhow; in any case; at any rate; at best; at most
university; college; former central university of Kyoto (established under the ritsuryo system for the training of government administrators); the Great Learning (one of the Four Books)
publicity; advertisement; advertising; propaganda
mark; guide; purpose; aim; sight (on a firearm)
to take out; to get out; to put out; to reveal; to submit (e.g. thesis); to turn in; to publish
seems; I think; I guess; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!
amateur; layman; respectable woman (i.e. not a prostitute, hostess, geisha); (arch.) unlicensed prostitute
language; dialect; word; phrase; speech; (manner of) speaking
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
to bewilder; to perplex; to puzzle; to tempt; to seduce
consideration; guess; conjecture; judgment; judgement
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to be attached; to be connected with; to remain imprinted; to scar; to bear (fruit, interest, etc.); to be acquired (of a habit, ability, etc.); to increase (of strength, etc.)
continuously in some state (for a long time, distance); throughout; much (better, etc.); by far; far away; long ago
to smoke; to smoulder; to be sooty; to be smoke-stained; to smoulder (e.g. a dispute); to smolder